diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index f6fea7a..bef31bb 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
   <meta name="theme-color" content="#0a0a0a" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)">
   <script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
   <script src="https://unpkg.com/lucide@latest"></script>
+  <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script>
 </head>
 <body class="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-neutral-950 text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-300 antialiased">
   <div class="flex flex-col min-h-screen">
@@ -31,14 +32,17 @@
           A simple, fast, and reliable URL shortener for everyone.
         </p>
 
-        <form id="shorten-form" class="mt-8 max-w-xl mx-auto flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-3">
-          <label class="relative flex-1">
-            <i data-lucide="link" class="absolute top-1/2 left-4 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-500"></i>
-            <input id="url-input" type="text" placeholder="your-long-link.com" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" class="w-full pl-11 pr-4 py-3 bg-white dark:bg-neutral-900 border border-gray-200 dark:border-neutral-800 rounded-lg focus:ring-2 focus:ring-black dark:focus:ring-white focus:outline-none transition">
-          </label>
-          <button id="submit-button" type="submit" class="px-6 py-3 font-semibold bg-black dark:bg-white text-white dark:text-black rounded-lg hover:opacity-90 transition-opacity disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-wait">
-            Shorten
-          </button>
+        <form id="shorten-form" class="mt-8 max-w-xl mx-auto flex flex-col gap-4">
+          <div class="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-3">
+            <label class="relative flex-1">
+              <i data-lucide="link" class="absolute top-1/2 left-4 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400 dark:text-neutral-500"></i>
+              <input id="url-input" type="text" placeholder="your-long-link.com" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" class="w-full pl-11 pr-4 py-3 bg-white dark:bg-neutral-900 border border-gray-200 dark:border-neutral-800 rounded-lg focus:ring-2 focus:ring-black dark:focus:ring-white focus:outline-none transition">
+            </label>
+            <button id="submit-button" type="submit" class="px-6 py-3 font-semibold bg-black dark:bg-white text-white dark:text-black rounded-lg hover:opacity-90 transition-opacity disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-wait">
+              Shorten
+            </button>
+          </div>
+          <div class="g-recaptcha self-center" data-sitekey="6LeXhdYrAAAAALW6DdgxNeHU0kwBncdicLnVYvXT"></div>
         </form>
 
         <div id="result-container" hidden class="mt-4 max-w-xl mx-auto flex gap-2">
@@ -61,85 +65,48 @@
   </div>
 
   <script>
-    const $ = q => document.querySelector(q);
+    const $=q=>document.querySelector(q),form=$('#shorten-form'),urlInput=$('#url-input'),submitButton=$('#submit-button'),messageArea=$('#message-area'),resultContainer=$('#result-container'),resultOutput=$('#result-output'),copyButton=$('#copy-button'),openLinkButton=$('#open-link-button'),normalizeUrl=s=>{try{return new URL(s).href}catch(_){try{return new URL('https://'+s).href}catch(_){}}};
 
-    const form = $('#shorten-form');
-    const urlInput = $('#url-input');
-    const submitButton = $('#submit-button');
-    const messageArea = $('#message-area');
-    
-    const resultContainer = $('#result-container');
-    const resultOutput = $('#result-output');
-    const copyButton = $('#copy-button');
-    const openLinkButton = $('#open-link-button');
-
-    const normalizeUrl = (str) => {
-      try { return new URL(str).href; } 
-      catch (_) {
-        try { return new URL('https://' + str).href; } 
-        catch (_) {}
-      }
-    };
-
-    form.onsubmit = async (e) => {
+    form.onsubmit=async e=>{
       e.preventDefault();
-      messageArea.textContent = '';
-      
-      const url = normalizeUrl(urlInput.value.trim());
-      if (!url) {
-        messageArea.textContent = 'Please enter a valid URL.';
-        return;
+      messageArea.textContent='';
+      const u=normalizeUrl(urlInput.value.trim());
+      if(!u)return messageArea.textContent='Please enter a valid URL.';
+      const k=grecaptcha.getResponse();
+      if(!k)return messageArea.textContent='Please complete the CAPTCHA.';
+      submitButton.disabled=true;submitButton.textContent='…';
+      try{
+        const r=await fetch('/api/create',{method:'POST',headers:{'Content-Type':'application/json'},body:JSON.stringify({url:u,token:k})});
+        if(!r.ok)throw new Error(await r.text()||r.statusText);
+        const d=await r.json();
+        resultContainer.hidden=false;
+        resultOutput.value=d.shortUrl;
+        openLinkButton.href=d.shortUrl
+      }catch(err){
+        resultContainer.hidden=true;
+        messageArea.textContent=err.message||'Something went wrong.'
+      }finally{
+        grecaptcha.reset();
+        submitButton.disabled=false;
+        submitButton.textContent='Shorten'
       }
-
-      submitButton.disabled = true;
-      submitButton.textContent = '…';
-
-      try {
-        const response = await fetch('/api/create', {
-          method: 'POST',
-          headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-          body: JSON.stringify({ url }),
-        });
-
-        if (!response.ok) {
-          throw new Error(await response.text() || response.statusText);
-        }
-
-        const data = await response.json();
-        resultContainer.hidden = false;
-        resultOutput.value = data.shortUrl;
-        openLinkButton.href = data.shortUrl;
-      } catch (err) {
-        resultContainer.hidden = true;
-        messageArea.textContent = err.message || 'Something went wrong.';
-      }
-
-      submitButton.disabled = false;
-      submitButton.textContent = 'Shorten';
     };
 
-    copyButton.onclick = async () => {
+    copyButton.onclick=async()=>{
       resultOutput.select();
-      try {
+      try{
         await navigator.clipboard.writeText(resultOutput.value);
-        copyButton.innerHTML = '<i data-lucide="check" class="w-5 h-5 text-green-500"></i>';
+        copyButton.innerHTML='<i data-lucide="check" class="w-5 h-5 text-green-500"></i>';
         lucide.createIcons();
-        setTimeout(() => {
-          copyButton.innerHTML = '<i data-lucide="copy" class="w-5 h-5"></i>';
-          lucide.createIcons();
-        }, 1000);
-      } catch (err) {
-        // Handle clipboard write error
-      }
-    };
-
-    resultOutput.onclick = () => resultOutput.select();
-
-    urlInput.oninput = () => {
-      resultContainer.hidden = true;
-      messageArea.textContent = '';
+        setTimeout(()=>{
+          copyButton.innerHTML='<i data-lucide="copy" class="w-5 h-5"></i>';
+          lucide.createIcons()
+        },1e3)
+      }catch(err){}
     };
 
+    resultOutput.onclick=()=>resultOutput.select();
+    urlInput.oninput=()=>{resultContainer.hidden=true;messageArea.textContent=''};
     lucide.createIcons();
   </script>
 </body>
