VPN

Mullvad and Proton VPN are preferred: strong privacy posture, public audits, and resistance to invasive data collection.

Browser

Firefox (hardened) for daily use. Tor Browser for anonymity-critical activity.

Operating Systems

Qubes OS for strict compartmentalization. Tails for amnesic, Tor-routed sessions. Fedora as a strong general-purpose choice.

Password Management + Auth

KeePassXC on desktop (especially Windows), KeePassDX on mobile, plus Firefox Password Manager for integrated, syncable credentials, and Proton Pass + Proton Auth for encrypted, ecosystem-based secrets and 2FA.

Email

Proton Mail for end-to-end encrypted, jurisdiction-conscious mail.

File Storage

Proton Drive for encrypted cloud storage tied to a privacy-respecting provider.

Cryptocurrency

Monero first-choice for privacy-focused transactions. Bitcoin second, with strict self-custody and privacy hygiene.

Avoid Zcash: influential figures, including Edward Snowden, have publicly promoted it in ways that undermine trust; its model and ecosystem do not align with this index's bar for credible privacy.

Instant Messaging

Signal for default end-to-end encrypted messaging with a strong track record.

Web Search

No engine currently meets a high enough standard to be recommended without significant caveats.

Calendar

Proton Calendar alongside Proton's encrypted ecosystem.

Hosting

ovobox.org as a focused, privacy-forward hosting option.